Incidence and antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pus samples of patients of Bastar region, Central India

Abstract

Increasing prevalence of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and resistance
to multiple antibiotic classes is a global issue. Regional surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility of the organism is a necessary step to overcome the issues of antimicrobial resistance and treatment failure in MRSA infections. The study was conducted to find the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility in MRSA isolated from the pus samples of patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Bastar tribal region in Central India. The study was performed on 215 MRSA isolates cultured from pus samples of patients over a period of two years and five months. In the methicillin resistant organisms selected by oxacillin screen agar test and cefoxitin disk diffusion test, antibiotic susceptibility was determined by Kirby Baur disk diffusion test with CLSI guide lines. Of the total S. aureus isolates, the incidence of MRSA was 34.1% of which 82.8% were resistant to coâ€trimoxazole, 77.2% to tetracycline, 68.8% to gentamycin, 66% to erythromycin, 64.2% to ciprofloxacin, 1.4% to vancomycin, and 0.9% to linezolid. All these isolates were resistant to the ßâ€lactam antibiotics tested. Emergence of linezolid resistance and relatively higher vancomycin resistance in the MRSA isolates is a worrisome finding of this study. The antibiotic prescribing must rely on both initial empirical therapy and microbiological antibiotic susceptibility result.